Abstract:  The invention relates to analogue RF waveguide technologies for different frequency ranges from sub 6 GHz up to mm-wave and even THz-wave application. In particular it provides improved flexibility to such waveguide systems with respect to power distribution/provision and frequency selectivity. The core of the idea is a flexibly controllable RF waveguide-based splitting and switching device enabled by the application of transition metal oxide and/or electro-chromic materials. 

Waveguide technologies such as Polymer Microwave Fibers (PMF) or air cavity-based waveguides are used to transmit/direct the RF signals and related RF power in a preferably low loss fashion, while materials like EC or TMO provide an inherent voltage-controlled impact on RF performance. By combining these technologies and features in switch-based RF configurations, RF tunable waveguide solutions become feasible, allowing for flexible controlling the related RF performance e.g. with respect to power switching, power splitting and distribution. By such resulting flexible RF splitting and switching devices, systems with improved flexibility, improved performance and sustainability can be achieved. Fig. 1 depicts exemplary realisations in PMF and standard cavity waveguides.

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Abstract:  This invention includes a circuit design that can be used for the purpose of altering the frequency response either as a standalone circuit or in combination with that of an existing filter. The resonator replicator as proposed in this invention is a circuit that creates an “illusion” that that an individual resonator is replicated. This is best explained by way of a simple example, as shown in Figure 1.

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Abstract:  This invention includes a circuit design that can be used for the purpose of altering the frequency response either as a standalone circuit or in combination with that of an existing filter. This asset behaviour is combined with existing circuits of RF front-end designs using 5G NR n79 and Wi-Fi 802.11 a/n/ac as exemplary co-existing systems that would benefit from the invention. The control of the circuit is included as an example for the co-existence of 5G NR n79 and Wi-Fi 802.11 a/n/ac, in which the most beneficial utilization of the added assets of the circuit are realized by using a control method that prioritizes own radio needs as highest priority, but at the same time allow the co-existing radio technology to get support when there’s sufficient signal quality to relax performance of own link. Fig. 1 depicts the invention.

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Abstract:  In this invention single and multi-layered PCB distributed resonators and filters implemented in PCB technology are presented.  Fig. 1 depicts how such resonators can be implemented. Distributed resonators and filters have been previously introduced by the author as the means of profile reduction.

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Abstract:  The basic idea of the invention is to combine Electro-Active (EA) polymer – in particular the ability of voltage controlled mechanical tuning – in combination with Electro-Chromic (EC) material – in particular the ability for voltage controlled dielectric tuning – in order to achieve enhanced overall tunability and flexibility of RF devices, circuits and analogue frontends. The idea can be applied to components and circuits which allow for mechanical and electrical tuning like antennas with e.g., parasitic patches, microstrip-based filters, etc. One exemplary possibility of combining the two materials for improved RF tuneability is described in Figure 1, using the example of an antenna configuration based on an active antenna patch and a passive parasitic patch.

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Abstract:  The main idea of the present invention submission centres on the absorptive switch featuring reflective loads based on transition metal oxides (TMO). Absorptive switches operate on the principle of rather absorbing and not reflecting the unwanted signal. This is best demonstrated in Fig. 1. An exemplary realization of the switch is shown in Fig. 2.  

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Abstract: The main idea of the invention is to propose the use of Electro-Active (EA) materials for the realization of Intelligent Surfaces (IS). For this purpose, a basic structure, shown in Fig. 1 is proposed. The proposed solution consists of NxN individual elements (4 x 4 dielectric tiles and 5 x 5 EA tiles in the depicted figure). By activating the EA material, the dielectric tiles become mobile in the x and y directions, resulting in the surface whose dielectric permittivity is a function of the spatial position and, due to the nature of EA materials, controllable. By having a surface whose dielectric permittivity, as a function of the spatial coordinates is controllable, one is able to perform a variety of mathematical operations, including differentiation, integration, convolution and more, as indicated earlier. Furthermore, by properly manipulating the dielectric permittivity as a function of the spatial coordinates one is able to even directly modulate the input signal. This can be done by applying the message signal to the bias lines of the proposed surface of Fig. 1.

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Abstract: The main idea of the invention is to use known electrochromic material (EC), which allows for changing of dielectric constant, in order to realize variable phase shifters. This is achieved by a simple line structure which is manufactured on EC material. In order to allow for an isolated line biasing and thus adaptation of the dielectric constant, resulting in a variable phase shift, the line segment is RF-de-coupled by capacitors on input and output sides. The supply voltage is applied by a DC-feed, e.g. realized by a simple inductor. The extent of the tuneable phase shift as well as the insertion loss can be controlled and optimized by the application of a specific line length and line width adaptation. Figure 1 depicts an example phase shifter enabled by the use of EC materials.

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Abstract:  The main idea of the present invention submission centres on the absorptive switch featuring reflective loads based on transition metal oxides (TMO). Absorptive switches operate on the principle of rather absorbing and not reflecting the unwanted signal. This is best demonstrated in Fig. 1. An exemplary realization of the switch is shown in Fig. 2. 

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Abstract:  In this invention a new type of cavity resonator is proposed. The new resonator combines the useful features of the traditional distributed resonator and marries them with the attractive features of the mini-coaxial resonator to yield a distributed mini-coaxial resonator, as shown in Fig.1. This arrangement results in very high levels of resonator miniaturization while retaining excellent performance.

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